Jama Masjid: An Overview
1. Location:
Jama Masjid is situated in Old Delhi, India, near the historic Chandni Chowk market and the Red Fort. Its address is Meena Bazaar, Jama Masjid, Chandni Chowk, New Delhi, Delhi 110006.
2. Historical Background:
- Built by: Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, who also commissioned the Taj Mahal and Red Fort.
- Construction Period: 1644–1656 (took 12 years to complete).
- Cost: Approximately 1 million rupees at the time.
- Name Meaning: “Jama” derives from the Arabic word for Friday (Jumu’ah), reflecting its role as the primary mosque for Friday congregational prayers.
3. Architectural Highlights:
- Style: Classic Mughal architecture blending Persian, Indian, and Islamic influences.
- Materials: Red sandstone and white marble.
- Key Features:
- Courtyard: Can accommodate up to 25,000 worshippers.
- Domes: Three prominent marble domes with alternating black and white marble stripes.
- Minarets: Two 40-meter-high minarets flanking the main structure; the southern one offers panoramic views of Old Delhi (visitors can climb for a fee).
- Gates: Three grand entrances (north, south, and east). The eastern gate was historically reserved for the emperor.
- Prayer Hall: Intricate carvings, Quranic inscriptions, and a central Mihrab (prayer niche) indicating the direction of Mecca.
4. Cultural and Religious Significance:
- Houses several Islamic relics, including an ancient Quran written on deer skin.
- Active place of worship; non-Muslims are welcome outside prayer times (5 daily prayers, with Friday noon prayers being the largest).
- Symbolizes the zenith of Mughal architectural and cultural influence in India.
5. Visitor Information:
- Timings: Open daily from 7:00 AM to 12:00 PM, 1:30 PM to 6:30 PM (closed during prayers). Non-Muslims may not enter during prayer times.
- Dress Code: Modest clothing required; robes are available for rent at the entrance.
- Entry Fee: Free, but photography charges apply (~₹300 for cameras). Climbing the minaret costs ~₹100.
- Best Time to Visit: October–March for cooler weather. Early mornings or late afternoons avoid crowds.
6. Nearby Attractions:
- Red Fort: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, 1 km away.
- Chandni Chowk: Bustling market famous for street food and traditional shops.
- Raj Ghat: Memorial of Mahatma Gandhi, 3 km away.
7. Transportation:
- Metro: Violet Line to Jama Masjid Station or Yellow Line to Chawri Bazaar.
- Auto-rickshaws/Taxis: Easily accessible from central Delhi.
8. Significance Today:
A symbol of India’s syncretic heritage, Jama Masjid remains a vital religious site and a major tourist attraction, reflecting the grandeur of Mughal-era Delhi. Visitors are advised to respect local customs and prayer rituals while exploring this architectural marvel.
